FAQ - In English

Here are short answers to some common questions that we get at Transforming. Whether you are a trans person, are questioning your gender identity, are a relative or are working with these issues, here is information that can help you navigate rights, support and resources. If you have other questions and would like to get in touch with us, please do so here: Do you have questions about trans or gender identity?

What is trans?

Trans is a broad term used to describe people whose gender identity or gender expression does not match the sex they were assigned at birth. Gender identity is about the gender you know yourself to be. Gender expression is about how you express your gender, for example through makeup, clothing or hairstyle. Trans can include trans men, trans women, non-binary people and others who identify outside the two-gender norm, a norm that assumes there are only two genders - male and female. 

In English, it’s common to specifically include non-binary and gender diverse people by saying “trans and nonbinary people” or “trans, nonbinary and gender diversive people”. In Swedish, trans is considered to be a more inclusive umbrella term and is understood to include for example non-binary people.

Trans is about gender identity and/or gender expression and has nothing to do with who you are attracted to or in love with. You can read more here: What is trans?

What is gender incongruence and gender dysphoria?

Gender incongruence is when one's legal gender (the gender that appears in one's passport, among other things) does not match one's gender identity. If this leads to suffering or obstacles in everyday life, it is called gender dysphoria. 

Gender dysphoria can describe both a personal experience and a medical condition that is diagnosed in healthcare. The experience of gender dysphoria varies from person to person, for example how, where and when it is experienced. Dysphoria can be linked to the body, for example body shape, voice or hair, and is also affected by how others perceive one's gender in social contexts. For some, the difference between one's own self-image and the interpretation of those around them can create psychological discomfort. You can read more here: What is trans?

What is gender affirming care?

Gender affirming care is the medical process where trans people can receive help to change their bodies to better match their gender identity, which can reduce gender dysphoria. This care can include hormone therapy, hair removal, and various surgical procedures. However, the treatment you want or need is individual, and all treatments are voluntary. 

Not all trans people need or want gender affirming care. Most trans people also do not want or need all the different treatments that are available. Sometimes a person wants treatment but needs to forgo it for medical reasons. In the past, gender affirming care has sometimes been called "gender reassignment," but this is not used today. You are just as trans regardless of whether you have needed and received care or not. You can read more here: Gender affirming care and treatment.

How does gender affirming care work in Sweden?

To undergo gender affirming care or change your legal gender (the gender that is listed in your passport, among other things), you currently need a gender dysphoria diagnosis, which is obtained through a gender dysphoria assessment. To begin the assessment, you need a referral, usually from a psychiatrist. Waiting times are long, often around two years. But there is support available during the waiting period. You can read more about seeking support here: Seeking support as a trans person or loved one. 

The assessment, which can take around a year, is carried out by a team of psychologists, counsellors and psychiatrists who assess the individual's need for care. After diagnosis, you can receive a referral to various gender affirming treatments. You can read more here: Gender dysphoria assessment

How do I get a referral to gender affirming care?

To begin a gender dysphoria assessment, you need a referral to a gender dysphoria team. The rules vary between teams. If you need a referral from a psychiatrist, you can contact the psychiatry department, the youth clinic or the health center. You will usually be referred to the assessment team in your home region, but you can also choose a team in other parts of the country according to the Patient Act , but then you may have to pay for travel yourself. You can read more here: Gender dysphoria assessment

What rights do I have as a trans person in Sweden?

Trans people in Sweden have legal protection against discrimination based on the grounds of gender and gender identity or expression. The law protects against discrimination in employment, education, healthcare and social services. If you are discriminated against or harassed, you can report it to the Discrimination Ombudsman (DO), and also get support from anti-discrimination agencies. 

If you feel that you are not receiving the right treatment or have been treated in a way that feels wrong in healthcare, you can contact the patient committee or the Health and Care Inspectorate (IVO) for support and guidance. 

Trans people who are subjected to violence can receive support through RFSL's Support Service and other aid organisations.

How do I apply to change my legal gender?

In Sweden, everyone is registered at birth as either male or female, and this registration determines the legal gender. That is, the gender that is stated in the passport, among other things. 

From July 1, 2025, a new gender identity law will come into force, which means that you no longer need a diagnosis to change your legal gender. Instead, you can undergo a simpler medical examination. It will also be possible to change your legal gender from the age of 16 with the consent of your guardian. However, there will still not be a third option to choose from, but only male or female.

How can I talk about my gender identity with friends and family?

Talking to friends and family about your gender identity can feel difficult, it is important to do this at your own pace. Some tips are to choose a safe time and think about what you want to say, for example by writing it down in advance. You can start with someone you trust and who you think will be supportive. Be prepared to give them time to ask questions and that it may take time to understand. If it feels too difficult to talk directly, you can use a letter, message or a third person as support.

How can I deal with negative treatment or discrimination based on being trans or breaking gender norms?

Dealing with negative treatment or discrimination can be difficult, but there is support available. Try to surround yourself with people who support and empower you. Set boundaries and try not to let the negative attitudes of others define you. You have rights under Swedish law, and if you are discriminated against, you can contact the Discrimination Ombudsman (DO) or a support organization. Talking to a counselor or therapist can also help you process your experiences and strengthen your well-being.

How can I find community with other trans people?

Finding community with other trans people can be an important support for many and a way to feel less alone. There are groups and organizations for trans people, both locally and online. RFSL and RFSL Ungdom have branches around the country, and some have special groups and meeting places for trans people. You can find all RFSL branches here. You can find all RFSL Ungdom local associations here. It may also be possible to get in touch with other trans people online and on social media. In some cities there are meeting places or events for LGBTQI people where you can meet new friends. If it feels difficult to take the first step, it can help to participate anonymously online until you feel more comfortable.

What is intersex?

Intersex means that the body has variations that do not follow society's norms for a typical male or female body. It involves physical characteristics such as chromosomes, hormone production and genitals. Intersex is not the same as trans, as trans is about gender identity while intersex concerns bodily variations. An intersex person can be cis or trans and identify as female, male or non-binary. Many intersex variations are not visible at birth and are discovered later, for example during puberty or in connection with fertility assessments. 

FAQ - For relatives

How can I be a good support to my loved one who is trans?

Being a good support for a loved one who is trans is about listening and showing respect. Ask how you can best support them and be open to learning more about their experiences. Use the name and pronouns the person wants, even if it takes time to get used to. Be a safe person to talk to, and help deal with negative reactions from those around them if necessary. Showing interest and consideration without pressure can make a big difference.

What does gender dysphoria mean and how does it affect my loved one?

Gender dysphoria is a feeling of discomfort that can occur when a person's gender identity does not match the sex they were assigned at birth. It can affect your loved one in many ways, for example through mental health issues, anxiety or difficulties in everyday life. Understanding and respecting their experiences can be very helpful. Ask how you can support and encourage them to seek help if they need it, for example by talking to a counselor or contacting healthcare. Your support can make a big difference in their well-being. You can read more here: What is trans?.

How can I as a parent understand and affirm my child's gender identity?

Understanding and affirming your child’s gender identity can start with listening and showing respect for their experiences. Ask how they identify and what names or pronouns they would like you to use. Read up on gender identity and trans issues to better understand their perspective. Affirm that you support and love them, no matter how they identify. Being patient and open to conversation makes a big difference in creating a safe environment for your child to be themselves.

What rights does my child/youth have in healthcare and school?

In Sweden, all children and young people have the right to safe schooling and good care, regardless of gender identity or gender expression. The Education Act and the Discrimination Act protect against discrimination and harassment at school. Your child has the right to be addressed with their chosen name and pronoun, and the school must work to create an inclusive environment. If your child is subjected to abuse, the school is obliged to act. In healthcare, your child has the right to respectful treatment and access to support based on their needs. The child's age and maturity determine the extent to which they are allowed to make decisions about their care. According to the Patient Act, their opinions must always be taken into account. If you feel that your child is not getting their rights met, you can contact the Discrimination Ombudsman or the Children and Students' Ombudsman. 

How can I talk to my loved one about their gender identity and needs?

One tip is to start by creating a safe and respectful environment. Show that you are open to listening without judging or assuming. Ask the person how they want to be treated, for example what names and pronouns they prefer. Be curious in a respectful way, but don't pressure the person if they don't want to share everything at once. Confirm that you support and want to understand in order to be there in the best way possible.

What can I do if I am concerned about the mental health of my loved one?

A first step can be to try to talk to the person in a calm and open way. Being there as a listening support can make a big difference. Show that you care and ask how the person is feeling without pressuring them to answer. Encourage your loved one to seek help, for example from a counselor, psychologist or health center. Support from you as a loved one and from a professional can complement each other and together create the best conditions. If you feel that the situation is serious, do not hesitate to contact the healthcare or a support organization for advice. If the situation is urgent, call 112.

How can I help my loved one get in touch with gender affirming care?

A first step can be to help your loved one contact a health center or youth clinic. For children and young people under 18, a referral is usually sent to a gender dysphoria team via BUP or a pediatrician. For adults, the referral is made to the nearest gender assessment team. Help gather information and offer to be with your loved one at the doctor's appointment if they want to. It can also be a good idea to read together about how the care process works, since gender affirming care in Sweden can take time and requires several steps. You can read more here: Gender dysphoria assessment. If you encounter obstacles, such as long waiting times or poor treatment, you can contact the Patient Advisory Board or a support organization for advice.

Where can I get information and support as a relative of a trans person?

As a relative of a trans person, you are welcome to contact us at Transforming with your questions and concerns. Other online support is provided, for example, by MIND Parenting Line, for those who are worried about your child or a child close to you. You can read more about seeking support here: Seeking support as a trans person or relative. If the situation is urgent, call 112.

FAQ - For professionals

What is important to consider when meeting a trans person?

Show respect by using the correct name and pronouns and create a safe atmosphere without asking questions that are not relevant to your professional role. Avoid making assumptions about the person’s gender identity, gender expression or body. Affirm the person as an expert on their own identity and experience. Be sensitive to individual needs and treat the person as any client or patient. A respectful attitude is the basis for trust and safety.

How can I support trans people in my professional role?

Listen and acknowledge the person’s needs without judging or questioning. Offer accurate information about support and rights and refer to specialist providers if necessary. Ensure that your workplace is inclusive, for example by using gender-neutral language in forms and signage. Be aware of any barriers to accessing services and work to remove them. Your role as a supportive and respectful professional can make a big difference.

How can I use inclusive language and approach?

Use gender-neutral language and ask for the person’s preferred pronouns if relevant. Avoid language that reinforces gender norms, and be aware that not all trans people want or have the opportunity to undergo medical or legal transitions. Affirm the person by using their correct name. Tailor your communication to each individual’s needs and experiences. In situations where it is appropriate to call out someone’s name, consider using their last name instead of their first name.

How can I help a person who wishes to be referred to gender affirming care?

Clearly explain the steps required to get a referral and help the person navigate the healthcare system. Depending on the region, the process may differ, so find out the specific procedures where you work. If you don’t know the information you want, it’s okay to say that you don’t know at this time but will try to look it up and get back to you. If you can’t write the referral yourself, refer them to the right agency, such as a health center or psychiatric clinic. Confirm that it’s okay to have questions and offer support during the waiting period. It’s important to be clear and provide accurate information to reduce uncertainty.

Where can I find support or educational materials about trans people, rights and health?

Seek information from organizations that offer information and materials, such as Transformering.se or Transammans. Authorities such as the National Board of Health and Welfare and the Public Health Agency have reports and guidelines concerning trans people. You can participate in training or workshops on norm criticism and trans inclusion through LGBTQI-certified trainers. RFSL Utbildning can tailor training in many different ways. From online training to large programs that run over a longer period of time, they can be reached at utbildning@rfsl.se. Books, articles and podcasts about trans issues can also provide important insights. Update yourself continuously to keep your knowledge current and relevant.

What should I do if a trans person I meet shows signs of poor mental health?

Start by listening and validating the person's feelings without questioning their experiences. Offer support and help in finding the right resources, such as a psychologist or counselor with experience in gender dysphoria and mental illness. If the person wishes, refer them to gender affirming care and inform them about their rights and support organizations. Be responsive and show that you are there to support them. Follow up and show that you care. A supportive and professional attitude can help the person dare to seek more help.